The Ruusbroec Society's collection includes glass plates by L.J.M. Philippen. Louis J.M. Philippen conducted research on beguinages. For instance, in 1912, he authored De begijnhoven: oorsprong, geschiedenis, inrichting ('The beguinages: origin, history, organisation'). As part of his field research, he produced various photographs on glass plates depicting the beguinages, some of which have since disappeared, and of the beguines engaged in their daily activities such as praying and lace-making.
Source: L.J.M. Philippen, 1872-1946, Beguinages varia: lace-making beguines, Universiteitsbibliotheek Antwerpen, Public domain